Ingxelo eyenziwa ngu-André Gaum, uMphathiswa weSebe leMfundo leNtshona Koloni

Ndilicelile iSebe leMfundo leNtshona Koloni ukuba liseke iGqiza loMphathiswa lokuqulunqa inkqubo yokuqaliswa kokufundiswa komntwana ngolwimi oluthethwa ekhaya kwiminyaka esixhenxe yokuqala yemfundo yomntwana kweli phondo, apho kunokwenzeka oku.

Le nkqubo iza kunceda kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni imfundo eyiyo kweli leNtshona Koloni, kuthabathela ekubalulekeni kwemfundo ngolwimi lwenkobe kuphuhliso lwengqiqo yengqondo yabafundi bezikolo zaseprayimari.

Iza kuxhasa iinjongo zomgaqo-nkqubo wezeelwimi kweli phondo kwakunye noMgaqo-nkqubo weeLwimi kwezeMfundo (Language in Education policy –LiEP) weSebe leMfundo kazwelonke.

Lo Mgaqo-nkqubo weeLwimi kwezeMfundo ukwaxhasa umgaqo oqulathwe kumgaqo-siseko othi “makudalwe iimeko zokukhuthaza usetyenziso ngokulinganayo lwazo zonke iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni zaseMzantsi Afrika”, lo gama kukhuthazwa iindlela ezingqina ukuba iilwimi ezithethwa ekhaya zizizixhobo ezinamandla kuphuhliso lwengqiqo yengqondo. 

Ndicebise ukuba eli gqiza malibandakanye iingcali zolwimi emakufundiswe ngalo.

Ndikwacele neSebe leMfundo leNtshona Koloni ukuba lenze iKomiti yokuCebisa uMphathiswa eza kwenziwa  ngabathathi-nxaxheba abaphambili kwingxoxo yolwimi emakufundiswe ngalo.  Le Komiti yokuCebisa uMphathiswa iya kubandakanya abameli abamele aba balandelayo:

• Imibutho yootitshala ephambili
• Amacandelo ajongene nemfundo amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo akweli phondo
• Imibutho yamabhunga olawulo lwezikolo yaseNtshona Koloni
• Abanye abathathi-nxaxheba abanomdla owodwa kwezolwimi emakufundiswe ngalo.

IGqiza loMphathiswa liza kucelwa ukuba liqulunqe uxwebhu olushwankathela uphando kwezolwimi emakufundiswe ngalo ezikolweni.

Kufuneka olu xwebhu lugxininise ngakumbi imihlaba engqonge neemeko emakuthi phantsi kwazo kube nokukhuliswa ngamandla uphuhliso lwemfundo nengqiqo.  Nakuba kungekho phando lutsha luza kwenziwa, kufuneka uphando olukhoyo ngoku lushwankathelwe ukuze lube nokufundeka ngokulula.

Eli gqiza liza kucelwa ukuba liqulunqe inkqubo nesicwangciso sokuqaliswa kwemfundo yokufundisa ngolwimi lwenkobe ezikolweni nokuqaliswa kokufundiswa kolwimi lwesithathu kwizikolo eziziprayimari.

Kufuneka esi sicwangciso sibandakanye abantu abaza kufuneka, imali neminye imithombo efunekayo yokuqalisa imfundo elolu hlobo kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu kuye kwelishumi.  Oku kuza kuthetha ukwenza uphando koku kulandelayo:

• Amanyathelo asemthethweni namanye ekufuneka ethathiwe ukuxhasa le nkqubo yokufundisa ngolwimi lwenkobe ezikolweni kwiminyaka esixhenxe yokuqala yemfundo yomntwana kweli Phondo leNtshona Koloni
• Iilwimi ezithethwa ngabafundi kuzo zonke izikolo eziziprayimari
• Umgaqo-nkqubo weelwimi kuzo zonke izikolo eziziprayimari
• Ukulwazi ncam ulwimi kootitshala abafundisayo
• Ukufumaneka kweencwadi zezifundo (textbooks) nezokufunda (readers) kwiilwimi ezithethwa ekhaya ngabafundi bethu

UMgaqo-siseko wesizwe noMgaqo-nkqubo weeLwimi kwezeMfundo yeminye yamanyathelo aphambili alungiselelwe ukuphuhlisa iilwimi zaseburhulumenteni zaseMzantsi Afrika.

Amanye amanyathelo abandakanya iSiqendu 5 soMgaqo-siseko weNtshona Koloni (uMthetho 1 wowe-1998); uMthetho weeLwimi zaseNtshona Koloni (uMthetho 13 wowe-1998) noMthetho weBhodi yeeLwimi yaseMzantsi Afrika (uMthetho 59 wowe-1995).

Awukasetyenziswa lo Mgaqo-nkqubo weeLwimi kwezeMfundo kwizikolo ezininzi zaseMzantsi Afrika.  Esona sizathu siphambili soku kukuba imithetho ekhoyo ayinyanzeli zikolo ukuba zifundise ziphi na iilwimi, kuloko ikhuthaza izikolo “ezinqwenelayo nezinako ukufundisa ngeelwimi ezingaphezu kolunye ukwenzela ukulungiselela okukhethwa ngabazali okanye ngabafundi".

Isigqibo malunga neelwimi emakufundiswe ngazo neelwimi ezifundiswayo siyekelwe kwibhunga lolawulo lesikolo (Isigqibo esenziwa liSebe leMfundo kaZwelonke, 1996).

UMthetho weZikolo waseMzantsi Afrika ( uMthetho 86 wowe-1996) ucacisa gca ukuba kufuneka amabhunga olawulo ezikolo “axele umgaqo-nkqubo weelwimi zesikolo, aze acacise ukuba uya kuluphuhlisa njani na usetyenziso lweelwimi ezininzi ngokusebenzisa iindlela ngeendlela”.

Kuphando olwaqhutywa ngowe-1998/1999 kwafunyanwa ukuba zimbalwa kakhulu izikolo eziqulunqe  imigaqo-nkqubo yezeelwimi ngokungqinelana neemfuno zoMthetho weZikolo waseMzantsi Afrika, nakuba zonke zinayo imigaqo-nkqubo yeelwimi.

Le migaqo-nkqubo isusela kulwazi lweelwimi ngootitshala kunye nezo lwimi zikhethwa ngabazali kuba bezibona zizilwimi ezibhetele. 

Abenzi-phando abakhe babhala kwixa elingaphambili bacebise ukuba urhulumente makaxhase umgaqo-nkqubo wezeelwimi ngokuthi eze nesicwangciso somakwenziwe.   I-Project for the Study of Alternative Education in South Africa (PRAESA) ilubeka uxanduva lwesicwangciso esilolu hlobo emnyango wamasebe emfundo amaphondo.

Ngokoxwebhu oluvela kuPRAESA kuthiwa kule meko yokungabikho kwenkqubo esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngamagunya esebe lemfundo yephondo nayimibutho engekho phantsi korhulumente ukuxhobisa amabhunga olawulo, oku ngoyena ndlela lula wokwenza amabhunga olawulo alibazise ekuthatheni izigqibo malunga nokufundiswa kolwimi nokuqeshwa kootitshala.

Ngowe-2001 iSebe leMfundo likaZwelonke laqalisa inkqubo yokuPhumeza isiCwangciso seeLwimi kwezeMfundo.  Le nkqubo iza kuqhutywa iminyaka emihlanu.  ISebe leMfundo leNtshona Koloni liya kumelwa kuwo onke la maqonga alungiselelwe olu ngenelelo ngoncedo.

Ndinethemba lokuba umsebenzi weli Gqiza loMphathiswa uza kwenza igalelo elibaluleke ngokukodwa kwizicwangciso zikazwelonke nezephondo zokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kolwimi lwenkobe ezikolweni zethu.