| 1. |
Ngokwemiqathango yomgaqo-nkqubo kazwelonke nemigaqo esetyenziswayo xa kusingethwe iiMviwo zeMatriki, kubaluleke kakhulu ngokukodwa ukuba ukuthembeka (intergrity) komsebenzi wabaviwa kube kumgangatho oqinisekisiweyo ukulungiselela ukukhutshwa kwezatifikethi.
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| 2. |
Iimviwo zeprakhtikhali zeSenior Certificate Computer Studies zilubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu ukhuseleko lwedatha (security of data). Oku kubangelwa kukuba kusetyenziswa kwa ezi khompyutha zinye eluviweni ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lezifundo kwanangenxa yokuba kufuneka kukotshwe iifayili kwikhompyutha yalowo nalowo mviwa (individual computers) ukwenzela abevi. Ngako oko ke ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwedatha kubaluleke gqitha ukuba sifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwezi mviwo.
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| 3. |
Le setyhula inemiyalelo ethe ngqo ngokukodwa NEMAYILANDELWE ngabo bonke abagadi babaviwa nabanye abasebenzi abanako ukufikelela kwiindawo zokubhalela iimviwo ukulungiselela iimviwo ekusetyenziswa kuzo iikhompyutha. Iinqununu nabaphathi bamaziko okubhalela iimviwo, njengamagosa ongamele ukubhalwa kweemviwo, mabaqinisekise ukuba ilandelwa ngokuthe ngqo le miyalelo ngawo onke amaxesha.
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| 4. |
Kucelwa uqaphele ukuba abagadi babaviwa mabangaze naphantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko, baphume kwigumbi lokubhalela iimviwo de kube kugqitywe inkqubo ebalulekileyo echazwe kumaCandelo 7.6 no-8.9 apha ngasezantsi.
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| 5. |
Bonke abagadi babaviwa nootitshala abaya kuncedisa ngexesha leemviwo zeprakhtikhali zeComputer Studies kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho kwigosa elifanelekileyo leSebe leWCED. Ukususela ngo-2007, uqeqesho olulolu hlobo luya kuba lolunyanzelekileyo kwaye abo baqeqeshwayo baya kunikwa izatifikethi ezingqina ukuba baqeqeshiwe.
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| 6. |
UNXIBELELWANO LWE-PEER- TO- PEER NETWORKS
Unxibelelwano lwee-Peer-to-peer networks (ezifana no-Windows 98 no-XP) aziboneleli ngamanqanaba afanayo okhuseleko njenge-server-based networks (ezifana no-Windows NT, Windows 2000 Server no-Novell). Ukusetyenziswa konxibelelwano oluyi-PEER-TO-PEER networks ke ngoko akuvunyelwanga kwaye izikolo mazenze lungasebenzi olu nxibelelwano (dismantle) ngexesha lokuqhutywa koviwo kwaye mazisebenzise iikhompyutha ezizisebenzela ngazodwa (stand-alone mode).
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| 7. |
IIKHOMPYUTHA EZIZISEBENZELA NGAZODWA (STAND-ALONE COMPUTERS)
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| 7.1 |
Amalungiselelo eemviwo
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| 7.1.1 |
Ootitshala baya kufumana iCD eneefayili zedatha emayifakwe kwikhompyutha kwiintsuku ezimbini (2) phambi koviwo.
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| 7.1.2 |
Ukulungisa iikhompyutha (setting up) makwenziwe xa kukho umgadi wabaviwa oyintloko, ukuze emva koko ilebhu yekhompyutha ivalwe bangayisebenzisi abaviwa.
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| 7.1.3 |
Ii-folda neefayili ezinomsebenzi obewenziwe phakathi enyakeni mazikotshwe (backed up) ze zikhutshwe kwiikhompyutha ezisetyenziselwa iimviwo zeprakhtikhali.
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| 7.1.4 |
Kwikhompyutha nganye, ootitshala mabenze ifolda (folder) ebhalwe-Exam_data nabaya kukopela kuyo zonke iifayili zedatha. Xa kukotshwa iifayili zedatha ebezikwi-CD, uphawu (read-only attribute) MALUSUSWE kuzo zonke ezo fayili zikotshiweyo.
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| 7.1.5 |
Iikhompyutha MAZABELWE abaviwa ngendlela engacwangciswanga (random basis). Eyona ndlela ibhetele yokwenza oku yile ilandelayo:
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| 7.1.5.1 |
Nika ikhompyutha nganye ikhowudi. Ziprinte ezi khowudi kwiileyibhile (labels) (izitikha) zize zinikwe umviwa ngamnye ngexesha engena kwigumbi lekhompyutha.
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| 7.1.5.2 |
Ileyibhile mayibe nesithuba apho umviwa anokubhala khona inombolo yakhe yoviwo, kwaye le leyibhile mayibuyiselwe kumgadi wabaviwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuvula angene ekhompyutheni (log-in). Ukuba umviwa, ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nokumka kombane, kufuneka angene kwakhona ekhompyutheni (log in again), ingacelwa ileyibhile kumgadi wabaviwa, kodwa mayibuyiselwe kwakhona kumgadi wabaviwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokungena (log-in). (Khangela isiHlomelo A ubone isampula yeleyibhile.)
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| 7.2.1 |
Kuvumeleke ukuba kubekho iiseshoni ezimbini zoviwo kuphela ubuninzi. Ukuba kungayimfuneko ukuba kubekho iiseshoni zoviwo ezimbni, makuqinisekiswe oku kulandelayo:
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| 7.2.1.1 |
Abaviwa abaza kubhala uviwo kwiseshoni yesibini bagcinwa phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo lonke ithuba lokuqhutywa kweseshoni yokuqala yoviwo. Ngeli xesha belapho mabangasebenzisi ziselula okanye ezinye iintlobo zonxibelelwano kunye nabantu angaphandle kwelo gumbi kwaye mabanganxibelelani nabaviwa ababhala iseshoni yokuqala okanye abo basanda kugqiba ukubhala iseshoni yabo yoviwo yokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha balindileyo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo zingakubo iincwadi zabo, bangafundela uviwo kwaye bangathetha omnye nomnye.
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| 7.2.1.2 |
Umgqomo "Recycle Bin" kwikhompyutha nganye awunanto kuwo phakathi kweeseshoni.
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| 7.2.1.3 |
Apho abaviwa basebenzise ii-local hard drive ukugcina iifayili zabo, ezi fayili zikotshwa zikhutshelwe ngononophelo kwenye into (another medium) ze zicinywe (deleted) kwi-hard drive. (Kucelwa uncede utshekishe ukuba ngaba iifayili zikotshwe ngokuchanekileyo nangokupheleleyo na PHAMBI kokuba zicinywe (deleted) kwi-hard disk)
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| 7.2.1.4 |
Akukho zifayili zomsebenzisi (user files) ezithe zashiywa ziyimfihlo yakhe kwi-(hard drive) yayo nayiphi na ikhompyutha. Eyona ndlela ibhetele yokwenza oku kukukhangela "searching" kwi-hard drive nganye nokukhangela iifayili ezitshintshiweyo kwiiyure zangaphambili ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3, kwaye ukuba zizifayili zabasebenzisi, mazicinywe.
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| 7.3 |
Makwenziwe ifolda entsha kwikhompyutha nganye ukulungiselela iseshoni yesibini, nemayifakwe ileyibhile ebhalwe Exam_Data, kuze kugcinwe iifayili zedatha (save) ezifunekayo kule folda. Xa kukotshwa iifayili zedatha ebezikwi-CD, uphawu yeyokufundwa kuphela' (the read-only attribute) MALUSUSWE kuzo zonke ezo fayili zikotshiweyo.
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| 7.4 |
Abaviwa mabayinike elinye igama (rename) ifolda yedatha (Exam data folder) eneenombolo zoviwo zabo, baze bagcine (save) iifayili zabo kwifolda enikwe elinye igama (renamed folder) kwi-local hard drive.
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| 7.5 |
Akuvumelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwee-stiffy disks njengoko sezishiywe lixesha kwaye zisoloko zineengxaki.
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| 7.6 |
Utitshala makathi, kukho nomgadi wabaviwa oyintloko, akopele iifolda zabaviwa kwi-flash drive (enikwe isikolo) nakwi-CD, ukuze zombini zinikwe umgadi wabaviwa oyintloko. Makwenziwe kwakhona ikopi ye-CD ize inikwe inqununu. Inqununu, notitshala nomgadi wabaviwa oyintloko mabazalise uluhlu lokutshekisha oluqhotyoshelweyo bekunye (isiHlomelo B) ukuze bobathathu balusayine. Umgadi wabaviwa emva koko makayifake i-flash drive, enye yee-CD, indlela yokuhlalisa abaviwa (seating plan), i-Script Control Sheet, ne-Computer Studies Mark Sheet kwiPhepha 2 noluhlu lokutshekisha olunesiHlomelo B, oluzaliswe zonke iinkcukacha kwingxowa yoviwo, ayitywine aze ayigqithisele kwinqununu yesikolo. Inqununu ke yona mayigcine ingxowa etywiniweyo esefini okanye kwigumbi elinqatyisiweyo de ingeniswe kwiCandelo leeMviwo leWCED. I-CD yesibini mayigcinwe sisikolo ize igcinwe yodwa ingadityaniswa nezinye izinto kwigumbi elinqatyisiweyo okanye esefini.
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| 7.7 |
Apho izikolo zingenazo izibonelelo (infrastructure) zokukopela iifolda zabaviwa kwi-flash drive kwaye zifuna ukusebenzisa ii-stiffy disks, makucelwe imvume yoku kuMnu I Francis (kule nombolo yefoni 021 467 2549 okanye kule dilesi ye-imeyili ifrancis@pgwc.gov.za kwiintsuku eziyi-14 ubuncinane phambi kokuba kubhalwe iimviwo.
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| 7.8 |
Idatha yeenkcukacha-manani (statistical data) enxulumene nefayili nganye eyenziweyo kwi-MS-Office inexabiso elikhulu njengoko, phakathi kwezinye izinto, inengcaciso ecacisa ukuba zenziwe (created) nini iifayili. Ootitshala mabaqinisekise ukuba umhla wesistim nexesha (system date and time) lazo zonke iikhompyutha (workstations) zichanekile phambi kokuqala koviwo nokuba ABAZITSHINTSHI iifayili nangayiphi na indlela lwakuba lugqityiwe uviwo.
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| 8. |
IKHOMPYUTHA II-SERVER-BASED NETWORKED COMPUTERS:
Ukuba isikolo sisebenzisa izibonelelo zonxibelelwano (network facilities) ukuqhuba uviwo lweprakhtikhali, makuthathwe la manyathelo alandelayo ukuthintela ukukotshwa kweefayili ngabaviwa okunokwenzeka:
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| 8.1 |
Ootitshala baya kufumana i-CD eneefayili zedatha abaza kuzifaka kwiikhompyutha kwiintsuku ezimbini (2) phambi koviwo.
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| 8.2 |
Ukulungisa iikhompyutha makwenziwe kukho umgadi wabaviwa oyintloko, ukuze emva koko ilebhu yekhompyutha itshixwe abaviwa bangafikeleli kuyo.
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| 8.3 |
MAKWENZIWE ngokupheleleyo (in total) iifolda ezahlukeneyo, ezileyibhilwe Exam_data 001 to Exam_data n, zenzelwe umviwa ngamnye kwinetwork drive efanelekileyo.
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| 8.3.1 |
MAYINGENZEKI into yokuba abaviwa bakwazi ukufikelela kwezinye iifolda zedatha kunxibelewano (network). Ukuba oko akunakuqinisekiswa, makwenziwe unxibelelwano lwe-network lungasebenzi ukuze iikhompyutha zisetyenziswe njengezizisebenzela zodwa (stand-alone computers).
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| 8.3.2 |
Iifayili zedatha ezifunwayo ngumviwa ngamnye mazikotshelwe kwifolda nganye. Xa kukotshwa iifayili zedatha kwiCD, uphawu (attribute) 'yeyokufundwa kuphela' (read-only) MALUSUSWE kuzo zonke iifayili ezikotshiweyo.
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| 8.3.3 |
Iiprofayili zabasebenzisi (user profiles) mazenziwe ngohlobo lokuba abaviwa bakwazi ukufikelela kuphela kwiinkqubo zokusetyenziswa kweekhompyutha (applications) abaya kuzifuna nakule folda ithile ikhankanywe ku-8.3 apha ngasentla. MAKUNGABIKHO KUFIKELELA kumsebenzi ogcinwe kwi-network wexesha laphakathi enyakeni. Ukuba oku akunakuqinisekiswa, ngoko ke iifolda neefayili ezinomsebenzi owenziwe phakathi enyakeni mazikhutshelwe zigcinwe (backed-up) zisuswe kwi-network.
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| 8.3.4 |
MAKWENZIWE i-user ID ne-password ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzisi (separate user-ID and password) zize ziqhagamshelwe kule folda ekhankanywe ku-8.3 apha ngasentla. I-user-ID ne-password mazahluke kwezo zisetyenziswa ngabaviwa kwiiprakhtikhali zesiqhelo xa besenza umsebenzi wabo.
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| 8.3.5 |
Kukhethwa ukuba iikhowudi zokungena (access codes) mazenziwe ngokuthi kudityaniswe izinto ekunzima ukulandeleka (randomly generated) umz. i-user ID: AxCyfDT, i-password : ShwOfT. MUSA ukunika ii-user ID nee-passwords ezinjengesishunqulelo segama lesikolo namanani alandelelanayo anokuqasheka.
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| 8.4 |
Iikhompyutha MAZABELWE abaviwa ngendlela engacwangciswanga (random basis). Nantsi eyona ndlela ibhetele:
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| 8.4.1 |
Ngokunika ikhompyutha nganye ikhowudi, ngokuziprinta ezi khowudi kwiileyibhile (labels) (izitikha) zize zinikwe umviwa ngamnye ngexesha engena kwigumbi lekhompyutha.
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| 8.4.2 |
Ileyibhile mayibe nesithuba apho umviwa anokubhala khona inombolo yakhe yoviwo, kwaye le leyibhile mayibuyiselwe kumgadi wabaviwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuvula angene ekhompyutheni (log-in). Ukuba umviwa, ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nokumka kombane, kufuneka angene kwakhona ekhompyutheni (log in again), ingacelwa ileyibhile kumgadi wabaviwa, kodwa mayibuyiselwe kwakhona kumgadi wabaviwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokungena (log-in). (Khangela isiHlomelo A ubone isampula yeleyibhile)
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| 8.4.3 |
Kwakugqitywa uviwo iikhowudi zokungena (access codes) mazenziwe zingasebenzi (de-activated).
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| 8.5 |
I-intanethi, i-imeyili neesistim zomyalezo phakathi kweekhompyutha MAZENZIWE zingasebenzi (de-activated) ngethuba lokuqhubeka koviwo ukwenzela ukuba abaviwa bangabinakuthumela imiyalezo okanye iifayili ukusuka kwenye ikhompyutha ukuya kwenye. Ukuba oko akunakuqinisekiswa, makwenziwe unxibelelwano lwe-network lungasebenzi ukuze iikhompyutha zisetyenziswe njengezizisebenzela zodwa (stand-alone computers).
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| 8.6 |
Kwezinye iisistim zonxibelelwano (networks) kunokugcinwa i-log yokuba ngubani na okhe wafikelela kwifolda. Ukuba inetwork inesi sibonelelo masenziwe sisebenze ngexesha leemviwo ze sigcinwe emva kokugqitywa koviwo ukulungiselela xa kuthe kwakho imibuzo emalunga nezitenxo (queries concerning irregularities). Le fayili yokungena (log file) mayikotshelwe kwi-CD kunye neefolda zabaviwa.
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| 8.7 |
Idatha yeenkcukacha-manani (statistical data) enxulumne nefayili nganye eyenziweyo kwi-MS-Office ixabiso gqitha njengoko, phakathi kwezinye izinto, inengcaciso ecacisa ukuba zenziwe (created) nini iifayili. Ootitshala mabaqinisekise ukuba umhla wesistim nexesha (system date and time) kuzo zonke iikhompyutha (workstations) nakwiseva (server) zichanekile phambi kokuqala koviwo nokuba abazitshintshi iifayili nangayiphi na indlela lwakuba lugqityiwe uviwo, ngaphandle kokuba bayalelwe ngandlela yimbi, yaye de kube zikhutshiwe iziphumo zoviwo.
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| 8.8 |
Abaviwa MABAyinike elinye igama (rename) ifolda yedatha (Exam_datan folder) eneenombolo zoviwo zabo, baze bagcine (save) iifayili zabo kwifolda enikwe elinye igama (renamed folder) kwi-network drive.
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| 8.9 |
Utitshala makathi kukho nomgadi wabaviwa oyintloko, akopele iifolda zabaviwa kwi-flash drive (enikwe isikolo) nakwi-CD, ukuze zombini zinikwe umgadi wabaviwa oyintloko. Makwenziwe kwakhona ikopi (back-up copy) ye-CD ize inikwe inqununu. Inqununu, notitshala nomgadi wabaviwa oyintloko mabazalise uluhlu lokutshekisha oluqhotyoshelweyo bekunye (isiHlomelo B) ukuze bobathathu basalusayine. Umgadi wabaviwa emva koko makayifake i-flash drive, enye yee-CD, indlela yokuhlalisa abaviwa (the seating plan), i-Script Control Sheet, ne-Computer Studies Mark Sheet kwiPhepha 2 noluhlu lokutshekisha olusisiHlomelo B, oluzaliswe zonke iinkcukacha kwingxowa yoviwo, ayitywine aze ayigqithisele kwinqununu yesikolo. Inqununu ke yona mayigcine ingxowa etywiniweyo esefini okanye kwigumbi elinqatyisiweyo de ingeniswe kwiCandelo leeMviwo leWCED. I-CD yesibini (back-up copy) mayigcinwe sisikolo ize igcinwe yodwa ingadityaniswa nezinye izinto kwigumbi elinqatyisiweyo okanye esefini.
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| 8.10 |
Iiseshoni zesibini
Kuvumeleke ukuba kubekho iiseshoni ezimbini zoviwo ubuninzi. Ukuba kungayimfuneko ukuba kubekho iiseshoni ezimbni, oku kulandelayo makuqinisekiswe:
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| 8.10.1 |
Abaviwa abaza kubhala uviwo kwiseshoni yesibini bagcinwa phantsi kolawulo olungqongqo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo lonke ithuba lokuqhutywa kweseshoni yokuqala yoviwo. Ngeli xesha belapho mabangasebenzisi ziselula okanye ezinye iintlobo zonxibelelwano kunye nabantu abangaphandle kwelo gumbi kwaye mabanganxibelelani nabaviwa ababhala iseshoni yokuqala okanye abo basanda kugqiba ukubhala iseshoni yabo yoviwo yokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha balindileyo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo zingakubo iincwadi zabo, bangafundela uviwo kwaye bangathetha omnye nomnye.
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| 8.10.2 |
Umgqomo "Recycle Bin" kwikhompyutha nganye awunanto kuwo phakathi kweeseshoni.
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| 8.10.3 |
Akukho zifayili zomsebenzisi (user files) ezithe zashiywa ziyimfihlo yakhe kwi-hard drive yayo nayiphi na ikhompyutha. Eyona ndlela ibhetele yokwenza oku kukukhangela "searching" kwi-hard drive nganye nokukhangela iifayili ezitshintshiweyo kwiiyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3, kwaye ukuba zizifayili zabasebenzisi, mazicinywe.
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| 8.10.4 |
Ikhowudi zokungena zeefolda ezisetyenzisisweyo kwiseshoni yokuqala zenziwa zingasebenzi.
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| 9. |
UKUBEKA ILISO KWIINDAWO ZOKUBHALELA IIMVIWO
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| 9.1 |
Ababeki-liso (Monitors) abaqeshwe liSebe i-WCED baya kundwendwela iindawo zokubhalela iimviwo ngosuku oluphambi kokuqala koviwo ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iikhompyutha ezikunxibelelwano nezizimele zodwa (networks and stand-alone workstations) zilungiswe ngokufanelekileyo
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| 9.2 |
Amagosa eWCED aya kundwendwela iindawo yokubhalela iimviwo zeprakthikhali ukuqinisekisa ukuba imiyalelo ekule setyhula iyalandelwa ngqo.
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| 10. |
IIMFUNO ZOKUSUPHAVAYIZA
Abagadi babaviwa badlala indima ebaluleke gqitha ekuqinisekiseni ukuba abaviwa abakopi omnye komnye okanye abancedwa ngexesha bebhala uviwo ngabalingane babo okanye ngootitshala babo. Ngoko ke kubaluleke gqitha ukuba ezona mfuno zisezantsi zokusuphavayiza zilandelwe ngqo. Ukongeza kule miqathango yokhuseleko ingentla apha, iinqununu zikhunjuzwa oku kulandelayo:
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| 10.1 |
Imisebenzi eluxanduva lomgadi wabaviwa
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| 10.1.1 |
Ngaphambi kokuqala koviwo, bonke abaviwa mabakwaziswe oku ngokuthi baxelelwe ukuba, xa befunyenwe bekopa iifayili okanye begcina iifayili (copying files or saving files) kwiindawo ezingezizo ezo zichazwe ngumgadi wabaviwa, iziphumo zabo zingabhengezwa njengelize nento engekhoyo (declared null and void) baze bathintelwe ekubeni basibhale kwakhona eso sifundo kangangethuba leminyaka EMIBINI. Amagama achanekileyo amakasetyenziswe ngumgadi wabaviwa oyintloko xa esenza isaziso aya kunikwa ekwimvulophu ekufakwe kuyo iCD eneefayili zedatha.
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| 10.1.2 |
Ukuba ngaba kungakho nayiphi na imibuzo engezinto ezimalunga nekhompyutha (technical queries) emayiphendulwe, umgadi wabaviwa makabe ngunozakuzaku athetha kuye utitshala xa enxibelelana nabafundi.
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| 10.1.3 |
Umgadi wabaviwa MAKABEKHO xa iifayili zedatha (data files) zifakwa naxa zikhutshwa kwii-stand-alone computers kunye/okanye kwi-networked server, kwakunye naxa kufakwa idatha ekwiifolda kwi-CD.
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| 10.1.4 |
Iileyibhile (izitikha) ezineekhowudi zokufikelela maziqokelelwe kubaviwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokungena kwikhompyutha (log-in).
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| 10.1.5 |
Umgadi wabaviwa makabekho kwigumbi lokubhalela iimviwo ekupheleni kweseshoni yoviwo ukuze enze imiyalelo echazwe kwiZiqendu 7.6 no-8.9 apha ngasentla.
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| 10.2 |
Imisebenzi eluxanduva lukatitshala:
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| 10.2.1 |
Utitshala we-Computer Studies makahlale kwigumbi lokubhalela uviwo ngalo lonke ixesha lokuqhubeka koviwo, ukwenzela ukuba asombulule naziphi na iingxaki zeekhompyutha (technical problems) ezinokuvela.
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| 10.2.2 |
Utitshala makabekho kwigumbi loviwo emva kokugqitywa kweseshoni yoviwo, ukuze enze imiyalelo enikwe kwiZiqendu 7.6 no-8.9 apha ngesentla.
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| 10.3 |
Imisebenzi yenqununu
|
| 10.3.1 |
Inqununu mayiqinisekise ukuba i-CD eneefayili zedatha inikwa utitshala okanye umlawuli wonxibelelwano (network administrator) onoxanduva lokulungisa iziko lokubhalela iimviwo kwiintsuku ezimbini (2) phambi kokuqhutywa koviwo
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| 10.3.2 |
Inqununu mayiqinisekise ukuba lo titshala ukhankanyiweyo okanye umlawuli wonxibelelwano (network administrator) ulungisa unxibelelwano kunye/okanye iikhompyutha ngosuku lokufumana iCD leyo. Ababeki-liso beWCED baya kutshekisha ngosuku olungaphambi kolo loviwo ukuba ngaba unxibelelwano kunye/okanye iikhompyutha (networks and/or workstations) zilungiswe ngokufanelekileyo na.
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| 10.3.3 |
Kwakugqitywa nje ukulungiswa igumbi leekhompyutha (computer centre), inqununu mayithathe iCD eneefayili zedatha ize iyigcine kwigumbi elinqatyisiweyo lesikolo.
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| 10.3.4 |
Inqununu mayiqinisekise ukuba akukho titshala okanye mviwa ungena kwigumbi elineekhomyutha emva kokuba iifayili zedatha zikotshiwe lwaza unxibelelwano/ iikhompyutha zalungiselelwa ukusetyenziswa.
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| 10.3.5 |
Inqununu mayibekho kwigumbi lokubhalela iimviwo ekupheleni kweseshoni yoviwo ukuze yenze imiyalelo echazwe kwiZiqendu 7.6 no-8.9 apha ngasentla.
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| 11. |
Ukumka kombane (Power failures)
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| 11.1 |
Ukuba kumka umbane ngexesha lokubhala uviwo, le nkqubo ilandelayo mayilandelwe:
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| 11.1.1 |
Abaviwa mabahlale kwiqumbi elineekhomyutha (computer room) de umbane ubuye. Abaviwa mabangathethi omnye nomnye ngexesha belinde ukubuya kombane. Ixesha abaphulukene nalo ngethuba lokumka kombane liya kubuyiswa njengexesha elongeziweyo loviwo.
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| 11.1.2 |
Ukuba emva kweeyure ezimbini (2), umbane awukabuyi, uviwo luya kuhlehliselwa elinye ixesha.
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| 11.1.3 |
ISebe leMfundo leNtshona Koloni (WCED) malaziswe ngoko nangoko ngokumka kombane.
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| 11.1.4 |
Xa kumke umbane, umphathi weziko lokubhalela makazise ngoko nangoko abasemagunyeni baloo ngingqi (local authorities). Makazame ukufumana apho kubo ukuba ngaba umbane uya kumka ithuba elingakanani na, ukuba oko kunokwenzeka.
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| 11.1.5 |
Umsebenzi ogqityiweyo ngabaviwa uya kugqithiswa uze ungeniswe kwiSebe iWCED kunye namaxwebhu.
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| 11.1.6 |
Kwimeko apho uviwo luthe lwarhoxiswa ngenxa yokumka kombane, abafundi mababhale iphepha i-backup paper ngomnye umhla.
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| 11.1.7 |
Kwimeko apho iiseshoni ezimbini zoviwo zicwangciselwe ixesha loviwo, elileli: kusasa nasemva kwemini, le nkqubo ingentla inokusetyenziswa kuzo zombini iiseshoni zoviwo.
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| 11.2 |
Kwimeko yokonakala kwekhomyutha (computer breakdowns) ngexesha loviwo, le nkqubo ilandelayo mayilandelwe:
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| 11.2.1 |
Abaviwa mabasuswe ngokukhawuleza basiwe kwezo zixhobo ze-backup equipment, baze bongezelwe ixesha elifanelekileyo.
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| 11.2.2 |
Akukho xesha liya kongezwa ngenxa yomsebenzi ekuphulukenwe nawo kuba ungakhange ugcinwe ngokuchanekileyo (not correctly saved).
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| 11.2.3 |
Abaviwa mabaligqibe iphepha lemibuzo yoviwo ngexesha elimisiweyo.
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| 12. |
Ukungalandelwa ngqo kwale miyalelo ikule setyhula kungakhokelela ekubeni kuthatyathwe amanyathelo oluleko nokubekwa ityala kulowo ungayithobelanga le miyalelo yale setyhula.
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| 13. |
Kucelwa uncede uqinisekise ukuba ikopi yale setyhula inikwa bonke ootitshala nababagadi babaviwa beComputer Studies.
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| 14. |
Kucelwa uncede uqhagamshelane noMnu I Francis (oonkcukacha zakhe zichazwe apha ngasentla ku-7.7) ukuba ufuna ukucaciselwa nangakumbi kunye/okanye uncedo.
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ISAYINWE: NGU-EZZ SIYENGO
INTLOKO: YESEBE LEMFUNDO
UMHLA: 2007:09:21
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